A feature-based classification of model repair approaches

Consistency management, the ability to detect, diagnose and handle inconsistencies, is crucial during the development process in Model-driven Engineering (MDE). As the popularity and application scenarios of MDE expanded, a variety of different techniques were proposed to address these tasks in specific contexts. Of the various stages of consistency management, this work focuses on inconsistency handling in MDE, particularly in model repair techniques. This paper proposes a feature-based classification system for model repair techniques, based on an systematic literature review of the area. We expect this work to assist developers and researchers from different disciplines in comparing their work under a unifying framework, and aid MDE practitioners in selecting suitable model repair approaches.Work financed by the North Portugal Regional Operational Programme (NORTE 2020), under the PORTUGAL 2020 Partnership Agreement, and through the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) through project "NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000016"

A model repair application scenario with PROVA

Dissertação de mestrado em Engenharia InformáticaModel-Driven Engineering (MDE) is a well known approach to software development that promotes the use of structured specifications, referred to as models, as the primary development artifact. One of the main challenges in MDE is to deal with a wide diversity of evolving models, some of which developed and maintained in parallel. In this setting, a particular point of attention is to manage the model inconsistencies that become inevitable, since it is too easy to make contradictory design decisions and hard to recognise them. In fact, during the development process, user updates will undoubtedly produce inconsistencies which must eventually be repaired. Tool support for this task is then essential in order to automate model repair, so consistency can be easily recovered. However, one of the main challenges in this domain is that for any given set of inconsistencies, there exists an infinite number of possible ways of fixing it. While much of researchers recognise this fact, the way in which this problem should be resolved is far from being agreed upon, and methods on how to detect and fix inconsistencies vary widely. In this master dissertation a comparison between different approaches is done and an application scenario is explored in close collaboration with industry. An off-the-shelf model repair tool leveraging the power of satisfiability (SAT) solving is put to test, while an incremental technique of complex repair trees is implemented and evaluated as a promising, yet very distinctive competitor.A engenharia orientada aos modelos (MDE), uma abordagem bem conhecida no desenvolvimento de software, promove a utilização de especificações estruturadas, denominadas modelos, como o artefacto primário de desenvolvimento. Um dos principais desafios neste domínio é lidar com a grande diversidade de modelos em evolução, muitas vezes desenvolvidos e mantidos em paralelo. Neste cenário é essencial gerir as inconsistências dos modelos, que se tornam inevitáveis uma vez que facilmente se tomam decisões contraditórias e de difícil reconhecimento. De facto, durante o processo de modelação, atualizações aos modelos por parte do utilizador irão sem dúvida produzir inconsistências que devem ser reparadas. Ferramentas que suportem este processo tornam-se essenciais para automatizar a reparação dos modelos, por forma a que a consistência seja facilmente recuperada. No entanto, para qualquer conjunto de inconsistências existe um número potencialmente infinito de possíveis formas de o corrigir, facto que revela ser um dos principais problemas neste domínio. Embora grande parte dos investigadores reconheça este desafio, a forma como esta problemática deve ser abordada está longe de reunir consenso e as soluções propostas variam muito. Nesta dissertação de mestrado é feita uma comparação entre diferentes abordagens à técnica de reparação de modelos, e um cenário de aplicação é explorado em estreita colaboração com a indústria. Uma ferramenta pronta a usar e que aproveita o poder do SAT solving é posta à prova, enquanto que uma outra técnica, incremental e baseada em complexas árvores de reparação, é implementada e avaliada como uma abordagem concorrente promissora e bastante distinta

Cell Therapy with Human MSCs Isolated from the Umbilical Cord Wharton Jelly Associated to a PVA Membrane in the Treatment of Chronic Skin Wounds

3. Departmento de Patologia e de Imunologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto (UP)

Campanha de levantamento ecológico, sedimentar e hidrodinâmico da área afeta à ponte pedonal de acesso à Praia do Barril

O presente relatório técnico-científico foi elaborado no âmbito de uma prestação de serviços realizada pelo Centro de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIMA) da Universidade do Algarve, à empresa Pedras D´El Rei-Gestão e Turismo, S.A., no âmbito do projeto de construção da nova ponte pedonal de acesso à praia do Barril.N/

Diversity of the board of directors of psi-20 listed companies

Numa época em que as economias que sustentam o sistema financeiro e empresarial são abaladas por graves crises sistémicas e fraudes financeiras, surge uma pressão política cada vez mais acentuada ao nível do escrutínio da diversidade do conselho de administração (CA) das empresas, no sentido de perceber se, de facto, um grupo heterogéneo é capaz de produzir decisões estratégicas e táticas mais adequadas para o futuro da empresa. A par disto surgem questões relativas ao papel da Mulher no CA, concorrendo para a ideia de que esta poderá contribuir positivamente na gestão empresarial. Neste contexto, o presente estudo tem por objetivo analisar e caraterizar a diversidade do CA das empresas cotadas no PSI-20 em 2019. Especificamente, pretende-se analisar a diversidade à luz dos mecanismos formais de Governo das Sociedades de caráter interno sob quatro dimensões: (i) diversidade de género; (ii) diversidade etária; (iii) diversidade cultural/étnica; e (iv) diversidade na estrutura (independência e dualidade de funções CEO/Chairman). Para atingir este objetivo, o estudo alicerçou-se numa recolha de dados qualitativos e quantitativos com base nos Relatórios e Contas para o ano de 2019, permitindo analisar o perfil de 215 administradores. Concluiu-se que o CA das empresas que integram o PSI-20 é composto maioritariamente por elementos do género masculino, embora se note uma tendência crescente para a presença do género feminino. Verifica-se que a média das idades das mulheres é inferior à dos homens. Relativamente à diversidade cultural/étnica, prevalece uma maior representação de outsiders no CA de empresas não-familiares. No que se refere à estrutura do conselho, destaca-se a existência de uma relação de proporcionalidade adequada entre administradores executivos e não executivos. O mesmo não acontece com administradores independentes. Destaca-se, por outro lado, o facto de em 50% das empresas haver separação entre a figura do Chairman e do CEO, em que se depreende um incentivo para que o modelo de governação seja mais transparente e equilibrado, proporcionando um maior equilíbrio de poder.At a time when the economies sustaining the financial and business system are shaken by serious systemic crises and financial fraud, political pressure is mounting to scrutinise the diversity of the board of directors (BoD) of companies to understand whether, in fact, a heterogeneous group can produce strategic and tactical decisions best suited to the future of the company. In addition, questions arise regarding the role of women in the BoD, contributing to the idea that they may increase management prospects. In this context, this study aims to analyse and characterise the diversity of the BoD of companies listed on the PSI-20 in 2019. Specifically, it intends to analyse the diversity in the light of the formal mechanisms of corporate governance of an internal nature under four dimensions: (i) gender diversity; (ii) age diversity; (iii) cultural/ethnic diversity; and (iv) diversity in structure (independence and duality of CEO/Chairman functions). To achieve this objective, the study was based on a collection of qualitative data based on the Reports and Accounts for the year 2019, which, using Microsoft Excel for statistical processing, made it possible to analyse the profile of 215 directors. It can be concluded that the BoD of the companies included the PSI-20 is composed mostly of male elements, although there is an increasing tendency towards the presence of the female gender. In addition, the average age of women is lower than that of men. Regarding cultural/ethnic diversity, there is a higher representation of outsiders in the BoD of non-family companies. Regarding the structure of the board, the existence of an appropriate relationship of proportionality between executive and non-executive directors is highlighted. The same is not true for independent directors. On the other hand, 50% of the companies have a separation between the Chairman and the CEO, which provides an incentive for a more transparent and balanced governance model, providing a better balance of power

Revisiting niche fundamentals with Tukey depth

1. The first attempts to describe species ecological niches were simple geometric procedures that depict the niche boundaries directly from environmental data. The convex hull was one of such procedures, popular for its simplicity, clear ecological rational and precise definition of the niche. However, it lacked the ability to differentiate areas of the niche with different probabilities of occurrence according to environmental suitability. 2. We incorporate the Tukey depth, a mathematical tool to measure the centrality of a point within a cloud of points on a multidimensional space, in the convex hull approach to (i) propose a new procedure (CH-Tukey) to estimate species’ environmental suitability, and (ii) estimate niche overlap coherently. In addition to a clear ecological rational and simplicity the CHTukey procedure has a number of attractive features: use of presence-only data; independence from background data; invariance to scale; robustness to outliers; and the decomposition of the niche into a finite number of isosuitability levels, permitting the computation of consistent overlap indices. We illustrate the use of CH-Tukey, using occurrence data of the main Quercus species and subspecies from Western Mediterranean Europe, comparing its outputs with BIOCLIM and MAXENT. 3. Results showed distinct niche geometries among the different approaches. BIOCLIM produced rectilinear niches reflecting the assumption that ecological variables are independent in their action on the species. CHTukey, relaxing this assumption, adjusts niche outer boundary and the inner suitability levels to the known occurrences. MAXENT produced unbounded niche geometries, showing abrupt shifts in the species response to the environmental variables. 4. The niche predictions obtained with geometric approaches, BIOCLIM and CH Tukey, are simpler but better aligned with Hutchinson’s niche concept than those obtained with MAXENT, this latter showing ecologically implausible relationships with the environmental variables. CH-Tukey and the related overlap measures provide an adequate tool to explore niche properties and species-environment relationships

Cultura Material, Cultura Científica: Património Industrial para o Futuro

IH4Future (PTDC/FIS-aQM/30292/2017Material, Culture, Scientific Culture: Industrial Heritage for the Futurepublishersversionpublishe

Effects of partial root-zone drying irrigation on cluster microclimate and fruit composition of field-grown Castelão grapevines

The partial root-zone drying (PRD) irrigation technique has been proposed for viticulture as a possible way to save water without compromising yield. Half of the plant root system is slowly dehydrating whereas the other half is irrigated; after about two weeks the opposite side of vines is irrigated. A PRD irrigation system (50 % of the crop evapotranspiration - ETc) was installed in a vineyard (Vitis vinifera L. cv. Castelão) in Southern Portugal and compared with two other irrigation systems, deficit irrigation, DI (50 % ETc) and full irrigation, FI (100 % ETc), as well as with non-irrigated vines (NI). Water was applied twice a week, from fruit set (mid-June) until one week before harvest (September 3). While FI vines remained well watered during the ripening period, a severe water stress developed in NI plants. PRD and DI vines exhibited mild water deficits during the same period. A significant decrease in vegetative growth (shoot weight, pruning weight, leaf layer number and percentage of water shoots) was observed in NI and PRD vines when compared to DI and FI. In denser canopies (FI and DI) berry temperature was always lower than that of the more open ones (NI and PRD). The higher degree of cluster exposition in PRD and NI had a positive influence on berry composition due to temperature and incident radiation, leading to higher concentrations of anthocyanins and total phenols in the berry skin compared to DI and FI vines. Irrigation did not significantly affect berry sugar accumulation and pH in berries. Compared to FI, PRD and DI treatments water use efficiency (the amount of fruit produced per unit of water applied) was doubled since at the same yield the amount of water applied, was reduced by 50 %

Anatomy Teaching at the School of Health Sciences of University of Minho

info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Observation of Higgs boson production in association with a top quark pair at the LHC with the ATLAS detector

The observation of Higgs boson production in association with a top quark pair ( tt¯H ), based on the analysis of proton–proton collision data at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV recorded with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider, is presented. Using data corresponding to integrated luminosities of up to 79.8 fb −1 , and considering Higgs boson decays into bb¯ , WW⁎ , τ+τ− , γγ , and ZZ⁎ , the observed significance is 5.8 standard deviations, compared to an expectation of 4.9 standard deviations. Combined with the tt¯H searches using a dataset corresponding to integrated luminosities of 4.5 fb −1 at 7 TeV and 20.3 fb −1 at 8 TeV, the observed (expected) significance is 6.3 (5.1) standard deviations. Assuming Standard Model branching fractions, the total tt¯H production cross section at 13 TeV is measured to be 670 ± 90 (stat.) −100+110 (syst.) fb, in agreement with the Standard Model prediction.Peer Reviewe